The honeybee apis mellifera is a valued resource for both mankind and the global environment. We share limited data with certain affiliates who require it in order to provide confirmation of a purchase. Features of the honey bee apis mellifera genome versus. Transcriptional identification of differentially expressed.
This resource organizes information on genomes including sequences, maps, chromosomes, assemblies, and annotations. Behavioural genetics of the honey bee apis mellifera. This report presents statistics on the annotation products, the input data used in the pipeline and intermediate alignment results. It is supported by usda national institute of food and agriculture hatch project 1009273 and was supported by agriculture and food research initiative. The national human genome research institute nhgri and the department of agriculture usda has supported a honey bee apis mellifera genome sequencing project that aimed to produce between 7 and 8fold sequence coverage of the honey bee genome in a mixture of whole genome shotgun wgs and low coverage bac clone sequencing.
The apis mellifera genome was sequenced by the baylor college of medicine human genome sequencing center. The first global analysis of genome variation in honeybees has been revealed by scientists. The apis mellifera genome has been sequenced and annotated twice over, enabling proteomics and functional genomics methods for probing relevant aspects of their biology. Strain peb0122t shares 95 % 16s rrna gene sequence similarity with species of the genus bartonella, a group of mammalian pathogens transmitted by bloodsucking arthropods. Web apollo is the first instantaneous, collaborative genomic annotation editor available on the web. The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor nachr is a ligandgated ion channel lgic that mediates fast synaptic cholinergic transmission in the insect central nervous system. Since 2007, attention has been devoted to colony collapse disorder, a decline in western honey bee colonies in a number of regions. In canada, beekeepers need to store their hives to protect them from difficult wintering conditions. Compared with other sequenced insect genomes, the a. These researchers require tools to describe the functional features of their newly sequenced genomes. We first generated contigs based on pacbio sequencing. Viruses free fulltext development of a honey bee rna. Gvf genome variation format is a simple tabdelimited format derived from gff3 for variation positions across the genome.
A complete reference genome of the apis mellifera filamentous virus amfv was determined using illumina hiseq sequencing. Even more complicating, both databases often provide different assembly versions of the genomes e. From that time a dialog was set up between the map and sequence projects that became interactive, each taking advantage of the progress of the other. In the us, the project is funded by the national human genome research institute a division of the national institutes of. This, and its utility to humans, makes it a fascinating object of study for biologists. Here we report the genome sequence of the honeybee apis mellifera, a key model for social behaviour and essential to global ecology through pollination. This bee is very important due to its high ability to adapt to great variations in climatic conditions and due to its preferable cleaning behavior. The bcmhgsc sequenced the honey bee, apis mellifera. A microsatellitebased linkage map of the honeybee, apis. Mellifera contains less genes of the native immunity. The map viewer help document describes how to use the map viewer software. Draft genome sequence of the algerian bee apis mellifera.
Mapping of the sequence reads to apis mellifera genome showed that the 3 types of foragers had a greater percentage of reads from annotated exons and intergenic regions, whereas the 2 types of nurses had a greater percentage of reads from introns. This page describes the data available for apis mellifera honey bee, and the search tips specific to that organism. Here, we report the culture and characterization of an alphaproteobacterium of the order rhizobiales, isolated from the gut of the honey bee apis mellifera. Bees contribute to almost 90 % of crop pollination around the world 2, 3. Beebase is a comprehensive sequence data source for the bee research community. A few combinations of the mozilla firefox browser on mac os do not support the. Honey get this extension for firefox enus mozilla addons. Evolutionary history of honeybees revealed by genomics. Getting a buzz out of the bee genome genome biology. The honey bee is a key pollinator in agricultural operations as well as a model organism for studying the genetics and evolution of social behavior. Download fulltext pdf portrait of the cape honeybee, apis mellifera capensis article pdf available in apidologie 226 january 1991 with 100 reads.
As of october 28, 2006, the honey bee genome sequencing consortium fully sequenced and analyzed the genome of apis mellifera, the western honey bee. Cytosine modifications in the honey bee apis mellifera. The map viewer home page allows you to search the genome data of any organism represented in mapviewer. Upgrading the honey bee genome sequence the honey bee. The diagram on the left was adapted from this article but is colour coded to illustrate the various coding regions. Apis mellifera, the european or western honey bee, is native to western asia, europe and africa, but.
Honey is an important food product internationally, but pollination is by far the honeybees most valuable contribution. Mnemiopsis leidyi, the warty comb jelly or sea walnut, is a ctenophore, originally native to western atlantic coasts but now found throughout europe and asia, in waters of varying salinity and temperature. You can also return to the apis mellifera genome view search page. Apis mellifera honey bee genome data and search tips. Insights into social insects from the genome of the. Four assemblies have been released for apis mellifera 1. The analysis of the nuclear and the mitochondrial genomes of the honey bee apis mellifera in comparison with the wellannotated, finished fruit fly drosophila melanogastergenome was presented in this article. The western honey bee gene sequence showed 163 chemical receptors for smell but only 10. The findings show a surprisingly high level of genetic diversity in. Apis mellifera iberiensis are very vigorous and active at temperatures at which other subspecies of bees are not leaving the hive, supporting long, cold winters. They evaluated usability by revising annotations for honeybee apis. The honey bee genome sequencing consortium is an international collaborative group of genomics scientists, scientific organisations and universities trying to decipher the genome sequences of the honey bee apis mellifera.
For example, the genome of the honey bee, apis mellifera, represents a mosaic of gcpoor and gcrich regions with rates of recombination an order of magnitude higher than in humans. Here we use a hybrid approach that combines data from four genome sequencing and mapping technologies to generate a new genome assembly of the honeybee apis mellifera. Pdf portrait of the cape honeybee, apis mellifera capensis. The ability to generate long sequencing reads and access longrange linkage information is revolutionizing the quality and completeness of genome assemblies. The snp analysis results are also available for download using the ftp data link. Today, nature publishes a genome sequence and analysis of the western honeybee, apis mellifera see pages 893, 919 and 931. Differential gene expression between hygienic and non. The apis mellifera complete genome sequence was published in 2006, by the honey bee genome sequencing consortium. A linkage map for the honeybee apis mellifera was constructed mainly from the progeny of two hybrid queens a. The hymenoptera genome database is hosted at the university of missouri. Pdf behavioural genetics of the honey bee apis mellifera.
They have a length of the forewings with an average of 9. Apis mellifera, the european or western honey bee, is native to western asia, europe and africa, but can now be found all around the world. Within the context of apollo, these genomic sequence annotations. We first generated contigs based on pacbio sequencing libraries, which. Features of the honey bee apis mellifera genome versus fruit fly. For more information see the readme files in the gvf directory. We developed a honey bee rnavirus vector based on the genome of a picornalike deformed wing virus dwv, the main viral pathogen of the honey bee apis mellifera.
A bees food intake dictates its future role in the hive, and its life span. Insights into social insects from the genome of the honeybee apis mellifera the honeybee genome sequencing consortium nature volume 444, page 512 2006 cite this article. The amfv genome is a double stranded dna molecule of approximately. The honey bee apis mellifera displays the most complex behavior of any insect. Amelmap2 was not published, but was used by the human genome sequencing center at baylor college for the first assembly of the apis mellifera genome in january 2004. Such studies are now further enabled by the release of the honeybee genome sequence. The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene family of the.
Genomic and transcriptomic analysis of the asian honeybee. It currently hosts the genomes of apis mellifera and several other bee. Phylogenetic analyses showed that peb0122t and related strains from. The refseq genome records for apis mellifera were annotated by the ncbi eukaryotic genome annotation pipeline, an automated pipeline that annotates genes, transcripts and proteins on draft and finished genome assemblies. To test the potential of dwv to be utilized as a vector, the 717 nt sequence coding for the enhanced green fluorescent protein egfp, flanked by the peptides targeted by viral protease, was inserted into an infectious cdna clone. Metabolic pathways apis mellifera honey bee pathway menu organism menu pathway entry pathway menu organism menu pathway entry hide module list user data mapping. There are gvf files for different types of variation data e. Apis mellifera amel relies on its olfactory system to detect and identify newsources of floral food. Apis mellifera intermissa is the native honeybee subspecies of algeria. The odorantbinding proteins obps are the first proteins involved in odorant recognition and interaction, before activation of the olfactory receptors. Apis mellifera annotation report national center for. A nachr is formed by five subunits arranged around a central pore that is permeable to cations.
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